A CASE OF ANEMIC RETINOPATHY

Abstract

A 16 year girl presented with acute painless diminution of vision in right eye. Fundus examination of both eyes showed multiple flame shaped hemorrhages along the arcades and subhyaloid hemorrhages. Systemic examination was suggestive of anemia. Blood investigation showed severe anemia (Hb 4.3) and thrombocytopenia (platelet 90,000). Peripheral smear suggestive of iron deficiency anemia. Bone marrow biopsy done to rule out leukemia. Treated with packed cells and oral iron supplements. Follow up showed resolving hemorrhages and improvement in vision. Anaemia is one of the many haematological disorders presenting with variety of ocular manifestations. It can affect every part of the eye and adnexa but common features are conjunctival pallor and retinal haemorrhages. Other retinal manifestation  includes venous and arteriolar tortuosity, cotton wool spots, macular star and papilledema. Their high incidence is            correlated with severity of anaemia and presence of                 thrombocytopenia. Retinal damage in anaemia occurs due to anoxia, venous stasis, angiospasm and increased capillary permeability