Glial Heterotopia: Masquerader of a Dermoid
Abstract
Introduction: Glial Heterotopia is a rare midline
swelling which must be differentiated from a dermoid,
encephalocele and hemangioma in order to plan correct
management. Clinical evaluation and imaging was
suggestive of a dermoid. Histopathological examination
following excision revealed glial heterotopia. Case Report:
A 1 and a half year old child presented with a well-defined
swelling over the root of the nose which was clinically
thought to be a dermoid, bearing in mind other
differentials. Following imaging, surgical excision was done
and histopathology revealed features suggestive of a Glial
Heterotopia. Discussion: Various swellings mimic a
midline dermoid including encephaloceles, haemangiomas
and rarely Glial Heterotopias. Glial Heterotopiaa are rare
sporadically occuring congenital midline lesions,
originating from benign heterotopic neural tissue. High
resolution Imaging helps to rule out intracranial extension
and differentiate from other swellings. Microscopic findings
are specific and diagnostic. Conclusion: A differential
diagnosis of a Glial Heterotopia must be borne in mind
when dealing with any midline head and neck swelling.
Pre-operative imaging is essential and an aesthetically
planned complete surgical excision forms the mainstay of
treatment.
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